Corrosive Definition - Glossary of Chemistry Terms

Corrosive refers to  a substance that has the power to cause irreversible damage or destroy another substance by contact. A corrosive substance may attack a wide variety of materials, but the term is usually applied to chemicals that can cause chemical burns upon contact with living tissue. A corrosive substance may be a solid, liquid, or gas. The term corrosive comes from the Latin verb corrodes, which means to gnaw. At low concentrations, corrosive chemicals are typically irritants. The hazard symbol used to identify either a chemical capable of metal corrosion or skin corrosion shows a chemical poured onto a material and a hand, eating into the surface. Also Known As: Corrosive chemicals may also be referred to as caustic, although the term caustic usually applies to strong bases and not acids or oxidizers. Key Takeaways: Corrosive Definition A corrosive substance is defined as a material capable of damaging or destroying other substances on contact via a chemical reaction.Examples of corrosive chemicals include acids, oxidizers, and bases. Specific examples include sodium hydroxide, nitric acid, and hydrogen peroxide.The international pictogram indicating a corrosive chemical shows a surface and a human hand being eaten away by a liquid dripping from a test tube. Examples of Corrosive Substances Strong acids and bases are commonly corrosive, although there are some acids (e.g., the carborane acids) that are very powerful, yet not corrosive. Weak acids and bases may be corrosive if they are concentrated. Classes of corrosive substances include: strong acids - Examples include nitric acid, sulfuric acid, and hydrochloric acidconcentrated weak acids - Examples include concentrated acetic acid and formic acid.strong Lewis acids - These include boron trifluoride and aluminum chloridestrong bases - These are also known as alkalis. Examples include potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide.alkali metals - These metals and the hydrides of the alkali and alkaline earth metals act as strong bases. Examples include sodium and potassium metal.dehydrating agents - Examples include calcium oxide and phosphorus  pentoxide.strong oxidizers - A good example is hydrogen peroxide.halogens - Examples include elemental fluorine and chlorine. The halide ions are not corrosive, except for fluoride.acid anhydridesorganic halides - An example is acetyl chloride.alkylating agents - An example is dimethyl sulfate.certain organics - An example is phenol or carbolic acid. How Corrosion Works Usually, a corrosive chemical that attacks human skin denatures proteins or performs amide hydrolysis or ester hydrolysis. Amide hydrolysis damages proteins, which contain amide bonds. Lipids contain ester bonds and are attacked by ester hydrolysis. In addition, a corrosive agent may participate in chemical reactions that dehydrate skin and/or produce heat. For example, sulfuric acid dehydrates carbohydrates in skin and releases heat, sometimes sufficient to cause a thermal burn in addition to the chemical burn. Corrosive substances that attack other materials, such as metals, may produce rapid oxidation of the surface (for example). Safe Handling of Corrosive Materials Protective gear is used for personal protection from corrosive materials. The equipment may include gloves, aprons, safety goggles, safety shoes, respirators, face shields, and acid suits. Vapors and corrosive chemicals with a high vapor pressure should be used within a ventilation hood. Its important that protective gear be made using a material with high chemical resistance to the corrosive chemical of interest. There is no single protective material that protects against all corrosive substances. For example, rubber gloves may be fine for one chemical, yet be corroded by another. The same is true of nitrile, neoprene, and butyl rubber. Uses of Corrosive Materials Corrosive chemicals often make good cleaners. Because they tend to be highly reactive, corrosives may be used in catalytic reactions or as reactive intermediates in the chemical industry. Corrosive Versus Caustic or Irritant The term caustic is often considered synonymous with corrosive. However, only strong bases should be referred to as caustic. Examples of caustic chemicals include sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide. A dilute corrosive chemical acts as an irritant. However, at higher concentrations, corrosive chemicals produce a chemical burn. While corrosive chemicals may be poisonous, the two characteristics are separate. A poison is a substance with a systemic toxic effect. Poisons may take some time to act. In contrast, a corrosive substance causes an immediate effect on tissue or a surface.

The Importance Of A Effective School And Teacher - 819 Words

Pedagogy 1. What are the most important characteristics of an effective school? Name three goals that you would want to reach in your first year of school? Why are these important to you? Is it important for you to have students set goals and how will they keep track of them? Candidates are expected to explain what an effective school and teacher would look like. This is their chance to share with the panel what their mission statement would be for the individual classroom. They can explain the steps they will take to reach their goals by the end of the year. Candidates can express their ideas on how students should set goals by using data folders or portfolio’s. They can share their experience on completing an action plan with a student to allow them to reach their goals. Leadership 2. How would you motivate parents to become involved in the classroom and in their child’s education? The candidate should express how imperative parental-involvement is in the classroom to strengthen the relationships between student-parent-teacher. The candidate should talk about things parents could do to volunteer in the classroom such as reading with students, laminate and cut reading centers, and create bulletin boards. One should talk about how they will keep the lines of communication open with parents, such as planner writing and calling not just when a child is having trouble in the class, but also when they are doing well. A great idea would be to show an example of a newsletterShow MoreRelatedLeadership And The Development Collaboration1146 Words   |  5 Pagespresence of collaboration in schools are the result of principals, educators, parents, and administrative leadership in working as a team. 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Life is fickle and most people will be a victim of Essay Example For Students

Life is fickle and most people will be a victim of Essay circumstance and thetimes. Some people choose not to let circumstance rule them and, as theysay, time waits for no man. Faulkners Emily did not have the individualconfidence, or maybe self-esteem and self-worth, to believe that she couldstand alone and succeed at life especially in the face of changing times. She had always been ruled by, and depended on, men to protect, defend andact for her. From her Father, through the manservant Tobe, to Homer Barron,all her life was dependent on men. The few flashes of individuality showedher ability to rise to the occasion, to overcome her dependency, when theaction was the only solution available. Like buying the poison or gettingmoney by offering china-painting classes. Life is sad and tragic; some ofwhich is made for us and some of which we make ourselves. Emily had a hard life. Everything that she loved left her. Her fatherprobably impressed upon her that every man she met was no good for her. Thetownspeople even state when her father died, it got about that the housewas all that was left to her; and in a way, people were glad being leftalone. She had become humanized (219). This sounds as if her fathersdeath was sort of liberation for Emily. In a way it was, she could begin todate and court men of her choice and liking. Her father couldnt chase themoff any more. But then again, did she have the know-how to do this, afterall those years of her fathers past actions? It also sounds as if thetownspeople thought Emily was above the law because of her high-classstature. Now since the passing of her father she may be like them, a middleclass working person. Unfortunately, for Emily she became home bound. She didnt socialize muchexcept for having her manservant Tobe visit to do some chores and go to thestore for her. Faulkner depicts Emily and her family as a high socialclass. Emily did carry her self with dignity and people gave her thatrespect, based from fear of what Emily could do to them. Emily was a strongwilled person especially when she went into the drug store for the arsenic. She said Arsenic. I want arsenic (220). All along, the druggist wantedto know what she wanted it for and she answered back I want the best youhave. I dont care what kind (220). Needless to say, the druggist nevergot an answer. The druggist gave Emily poison out of fear and respect,possibly. Yes, Emily didnt socialize much, but she did have a gentleman friend,Homer Barron. Homer was a Forman for a road construction company, Faulknerwrites a forman named Homer Barron, a Yankee a big, dark, ready man, witha big voice and eyes lighter than his face(220). Emilys father probablywould not be pleased with this affair with Homer, considering herupbringing. Homer was a commoner and did not fit the social standards ofher father. Of course, Emily, like most women dream of getting married and having afamily and most of all, being loved. The gossip around town was spreading;the townspeople said when she got to be thirty and was still single, wewere not pleased, but vindicated; She wouldnt have turned down all ofher chances if they had materialized (221). Emily wanted to be loved, andshe was determined that Homer would be her true love to rescue her fromfear, fear of being alone. Indeed Emily took a great liking to Homer, butHomers feelings about the relationship were different. It was rumored thateven Homer himself had remarkedhe liked men, and it was known that hedrunk with younger men in the Elks clubthat he was not a marrying man(221). Homer left Emily and the town for three days, and then came back. Attribute of humanity EssayAbners act of breaking the law begins when he was supposed to be fightingin the Civil War, but instead he stole horses from both sides of the lines. When Abner returned home, he continued his act of breaking the law bycommitting arson. At the beginning of the story, Abner is in a makeshiftcourtroom where he is being tried for burning Mr. Harris barn. There wasno evidence to rule against Abner so he was advised to leave the country. I aim to. I dont figure to stay in a country among people who (217). After sly remarks of barn burner(218) from a group of people standingnear, Abner tells his family to get in the wagon and get ready for travel. Abner and his family traveled to their next house where things got off to abad start. Just a few days had gone by and Abner took Major DeSpain tocourt claiming his fine was to high for the damage he did to his rug. Thecourt ruled in DeSpains favor fining him, to the amount of ten bushels ofcorn over and above your contract with him, to be paid to him out of yourcrop at gathering time (226), thus setting off Abners anger. As a resulthe set out that night and put DeSpains barn on fire. Finally Abners unchanging character is revealed not only in his role asbeing cold-hearted and lawless but also as violent. It is seen throughoutthe story that Abners act of burning barns is violent. Abner slaps his sonwhen it is evident that he was about to tell the truth about Mr. Harrisbarn. His sons simple reply of yes saved him from more torture beatingsfrom his father. While paying a non-welcomed visit to Major DeSpainshouse, he enters the house, flinging the door back and the Negro also andentering, his hat still on his head (221). This showed that Abner has noremorse for anyone. This started the incident with the rug, which later ledto the burning of DeSpains barn. He shoves his wife away when she tugs at his arm and tries to restrain him. Intending to guard against Satrys betrayal, he picks up his son by theback of the shirt and hands him to his wife. He orders he to hold on to himand not let him run away. After Snopes leaves the house with his older sonand the can of kerosene, Sarty escapes from his mother and runs to thehouse of Major DeSpain. The Major, informed by Sarty of the danger, findsSnopes and his other son and shoots them before they can burn his barn(731). This event sparked the end of the violent acts of Abner, forever. The cold hearted, lawless, and violent roles Abner Snopes plays throughoutthe story, shows his unchanging character. The story portrays how a poorman feels when the law is based on taking the rich mans side. It followshim from being a cold-hearted father and husband to a lawless and violentman, which, towards the end of the story, leads him to the death ofhimself. Things today are better than they were back during the Civil War. People are still categorized by how much money they have. But, because ofbetter law enforcement and court systems, people can not get away with theso-called revenge and hatred, as portrayed by the acts of Abner in thestory. Works Cited. Kirszner ; Mandell, ed. Literature. 3rd ed. Orlando: Holt, Rinehart andWinston, 1997. . Magill, Frank. Critical Survey of Short Fiction. California: SalemPress, 1993. . Salyman, Jack, and Pamela Wilkinson. Major Characters in AmericanFiction. New York: Henry Holt and Company, Inc., 1994.

Nonmoral Nature Essay Example

Nonmoral Nature Paper In Stephen Jay Goulds Nonmoral Nature, he discusses nature, and the difference between cruelty in animals and humans, and explains how the same moral can not be applied for both. The order in which he presents the different points of view is very important. At the beginning he supports his writing with sources from scientists that are not famous. However, to close out his work, he uses the well-known scientist Darwin to leave a lasting impression on the reader. In this essay, Gould provides both sides of moral in animals as well as humans, and then gives his explanation, then lets the reader decide from his own point of view. According to Gould, morality in nature can be perceived from the existent power, wisdom and goodness of God instead of the no-God thesis of Darwin. If moral nature is different in animals and humans, and cruelty can not be applied to both at the same time, then a God can exist. When Reverend Francis Henry died in 1829, he left money to support a series of books by many writers on how the power, wisdom and goodness of God, [are] manifested in the creation (474). Gould, as many other writers did, wrote about morals in nature, and how it can not be applied to human morality. We will write a custom essay sample on Nonmoral Nature specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Nonmoral Nature specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Nonmoral Nature specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The example of the Ichneumon fly or wasp is brought up by many scientists. William Buckland explains how the female locates the appropriate host and converts it into food for the larva, which then grows inside, keeping the host alive, preserving intact the essential heart and central nervous system. Finally, the larva completes its work and kills its victim (476). Gould clarifies Darwins main theory, that for all the misery in the world, a God can not exist because he would not have created the Ichneumonidea (481). Furthermore, Gould cites scientists that have a different way of viewing cruelty in nature. Reverend William Kirb focused on the virtue of the mother love that is displayed by provisioning the young with such care (476). Mirvat also makes an argument based on the fact that the suffering of animals is different from the suffering of people. Mirvat states that suffering is connected to the mental condition of the sufferer, that we as humans see it differently, and that the more cultivated and refined men are, the more they suffer from recollection of past moments and anticipation of future ones (481). If moral nature can not be applied the same way in animals and humans, then an all-powerful God may perhaps exist. Goulds writing is very effective because he has a strong argument supported by strong evidence and logic. Science who knows much about this topic in an English class? Gould wasnt limited by this. Although science sometimes can have words that are not regularly used in universal English, the clarity needed to understand these complex concepts is offered by Gould through explaining the scientific word used right after using it. For instance, The ichneumon fly ichnemonoidea are a group of wasps, not flies, that include more species than all the vertebrates combined (475). Even though advanced biology terms and Latin classification are used to identify his subject matter, the explanation of the word teaches the audience the new word so that it might have understanding of the area under discussion. Furthermore, Nonmoral Nature is a very controversial matter that many scientists have written on. For the improvement of the reader, since science might not be his or her strongest ability, and the knowledge on the subject might be limited, Gould introduces the matter by quoting other scientists who have studied the issue before. This is very effective since the readers do not feel unintelligent while reading about a subject that is unknown to them. Gould makes the interpretation flow easily from one paragraph to the next one, helping the reader understand the general concept as well as his ideas. To illustrate, Gould quotes William Buckland to show what the big controversy is by presenting his thesis by questioning if God is good, why are we surrounded with pain, suffering, and apparently senseless cruelty in the animal world? (474). Moreover, Gould points up William Kirby, who in the same situation focused instead upon the virtue of the mother love displayed by wasp in provisioning their young with such care (479). Gould is very effective by teaching the readers about the subject, and then explaining his point. This way the reader feels part of the essay and has an opinion, and by being part of this dissertation the reader gains understanding. Equally important for the reader is the understanding and creating of ones own ideas on the area under discussion. Logic through critical thinking is what in fact makes the difference between an effective essay and a vain one. The way Gould uses the words and his sources helps the audience to make its own judgment on the subject. This was very effective in the nineteenth century when he first wrote the essay as well as nowadays. The reader wants to feel smart and able to make a personal resolution, without the author having all the influence. For instance, at the end of the essay Gould quotes Darwin as he says; Let every man hope and believe what he can (484). This was a good strategy because Gould was telling the readers that they were intelligent enough to make their own judgment on the subject. Gould inspires the readers to look at the facts that he gathered and find their own conclusion on moral nature. This was done in a very effective way because the reader learns to understand Goulds writing instead of judging his ideas, and after doing that the readers decide what their hopes and beliefs are. Consequently, because of the techniques used by Gould in this essay, it was easy for the reader to understand the subject as well as the point he was trying to make. If either non-God believers or Christians that believe in the power, wisdom and goodness of God, as manifested in the creation, read this essay, they would not feel harassed. The way that Gould looks at morality is to unlock a new idea for the people without forcing them to believe it. The essay was tremendously effective through the use of support to his writing. In fact, the support of his thesis with the ideas of more distinguished scientists at the end leaves a lasting impression on the reader. As Darwin said; Let every man hope and believe what he can (484). Gould lets the reader hope and believe what he can. Works Cited Gould, Stephen Jay. Nonmoral Nature. A World of Ideas Essential Readings for College Writers. By Lee A Jacobus. Bedford: St. Martins, 2002. 471-484. Rpt. in A World of Ideas Essential Readings for College Writers.

Is Homosexuality Biologically Based free essay sample

An individual’s sexual positioning is their unambiguous perpetual preference starting from sexual maturity when other substitutions are available (Silfe, 2012). Persons have their own sexual preference they choose to be with, no one is born to like the same sex. An indisputable fact about humanity is that every individual owes their existence to the physical union between their father and mother, and this reality forms the basis for the concept of family. However, anthropologists clearly point out that the existence of homosexuality has been identified in some societies at different degrees of prevalence throughout the history. The trait of homosexuality can be simply defined as the sexual attraction between the individuals of the same sex. A homosexual person in the male gender is called ‘gay’ while the term ‘lesbian’ represents a homosexual female. Over the past three decades, the number of homosexuals has dramatically increased and such trait has increasingly grown to be mainstream and open. We will write a custom essay sample on Is Homosexuality Biologically Based or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Several studies suggest alterations association prenatal exposure to androgens or estrogens. One study reports that some women are exposed to high levels of androgens during development (adolescence) because of development with other endocrine disorder is to self-report a bisexual or homosexual orientation, (Money et al. , 1984) The current debate is whether or not homosexuality is a result of nature: a persons environment and surroundings, or of his biology and genetics. The debate endures because both sides have the ability to create a scientific environment to support their cause. For example, biological theorists may argue that a monkey and human child, reared in the same setting, will develop with vastly different outcomes, while social theorists may argue that monozygotic twins, one reared normally and the other raised in seclusion for 18 years, will also develop with vastly different results, but different even more from the first scenario. Sex hormone levels were found to be normal in the majority of homosexual women, but prenatal androgen excess, heterosexuality appears to be more frequent than bisexuality, an exclusive homosexuality is rare. Contrariwise, the removal of the adrenal, which is the major androgen-producing organ in the female, decreases libido. These findings have led to the hypothesis that androgens are the libido hormone in women as well as in men. We can conclude hat the majority of female homosexuals appear to have testosterone and estrogen levels within normal female range, whereas there seems to be a significant subsection of about one-third of all subjects screened with an elevation of male sex hormone levels. (Meyer-Bahlburg, H. (1979) Women exposed prenatally via their pregnant mothers to diethylstilbestrol estrogen with masculinizing effects in female mammals) received higher ratings of homosexual behavior (Ehrhardt et al. , 1985) and showed an increased incidence of left-hand preference compared to female controls. Similarly, women with congenital adrenal hyperplasmia compared to female controls. In summary, there appears to be an association, at least in women, among excessive prenatal exposure to masculinizing hormones, homosexual behavior, and increased left-hand preference. Researchers are still only beginning to comprehend the genetic causes of homosexuality. Studies conducted to date, it is evident that biology is the largest aspect in determining a person’s sexual identity and preference, Studies in the fields of psychology still being researched.

Conjugating the German Verb Sehen, Meaning to See

Conjugating the German Verb Sehen, Meaning to See The German verb sehen means to see. It is one of the most-common words you may see in German text, ranking around 270 in one automated study. Sehen is an irregular or strong verb. This means it doesnt follow a strict rule for conjugation. In order to conjugate it correctly, you will need to study its different tenses and resort to memorizing them. Stem-Changing Verbs The verb sehen is both a stem-changing verb and an irregular (strong) verb. Notice the change from e to ie in the du and er/sie/es present tense forms. The past participle is gesehen. All of these irregularities can trip you up in reading and writing uses of sehen. Sehen - Present Tense -  Prsens Deutsch English Singular Present Tense ich sehe I see/am seeing du siehst you see/are seeing er siehtsie siehtes sieht he sees/is seeingshe sees/is seeingit sees/is seeing Plural Present Tense wir sehen we see/are seeing ihr seht you (guys) see/are seeing sie sehen they see/are seeing Sie sehen you see/are seeing Examples Using Present Tense for Sehen Wann sehen wir euch?When will we be seeing you (guys)? Er sieht uns.He sees us. Sehen - Simple Past Tense -   Imperfekt Deutsch English Singular Simple Past Tense ich sah I saw du sahst you saw er sahsie sahes sah he sawshe sawit saw Plural Simple Past Tense wir sahen we saw ihr saht you (guys) saw sie sahen they saw Sie sahen you saw Sehen -  Compound Past Tense (Present Perfect) -  Perfekt Deutsch English Singular Compound Past Tense ich habe gesehen I saw/have seen du hast gesehen you saw/have seen er hat gesehensie hat gesehenes hat gesehen he saw/has seenshe saw/has seenit saw/has seen Plural Compound Past Tense wir haben gesehen we saw/have seen ihr habt gesehen you (guys) sawhave seen sie haben gesehen they saw/have seen Sie haben gesehen you saw/have seen Sehen - Past Perfect Tense -   Plusquamperfekt Deutsch English Singular Past Perfect Tense ich hatte gesehen I had seen du hattest gesehen you had seen er hatte gesehensie hatte gesehenes hatte gesehen he had seenshe had seenit had seen Plural Past Perfect Tense wir hatten gesehen we had seen ihr hattet gesehen you (guys) had seen sie hatten gesehen they had seen Sie hatten gesehen you had seen Future Tenses for Sehen German often substitutes the present tense for the future. The example with  sehen  is Wir  sehen  uns morgen, translating as Well see you tomorrow. The basic future tense would conjugate werden (will) and add sehen. Examples; ich werde  sehen  - I will see, du wirst sehen  - you will see, wir  werden spielen  - we will play. The future perfect tense is somewhat rare in German. It uses a conjugated form of werden and then places haben or sein at the end of the sentence. For example, ich werde gesehen  haben  - I will have seen. Commands Using Sehen sehe!  see!sehen Sie!  see! Other Uses of Sehen Sie sieht nicht gut.  She doesnt see well.Wo hast du ihn gesehen?  Where did you see him?

School Bulling Intervention Program by Olweus Essay

School Bulling Intervention Program by Olweus - Essay Example This makes the quasi experimental and experimental designs more difficult where randomization is not carried out, as more irrelevant interpretations are well ruled out in case the study is carried out through randomized sampling procedures. The problem of maturation in this study is taken care of by ensuring that all the participants in the study are of the same age gap. Important is that there occurs a relation between bullying and agenda these developmental changes needed to be controlled effectively if appropriate results were to be obtained. In the First Bergan Project that Olweus basis the argument on, there is however shortcomings in that some collected data in the extended selection cohorts might not be applied in evaluation of the program effects. The longitudinal design of the experiment makes it impractical to take this into account during the statistical analysis. This would make this design to have less precision in the final results and having less power as compared to u sing designs where repeated measures are incorporated. The repeataiton of data and the presence of irrelevant factors in the intervention program make this approach a sensitive one and as Olweus argues, care has to be taken in making decisions regarding the relevant and irrelevant factors in such designs. Olweus despite these challenges finds the use of extended cohorts design to be of much importance and would effectively lead to concluding on the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of a particular intervention program, besides this approach being easier to use and a natural step in evaluating the happenings in schools concerning activities related to bullying. Research design Olweus used the extended cohorts design to review and evaluate the effects of... This essay approves that to measure the effectiveness of the intervention programs, results of one of the cohorts could be analyzed critically to register the observed changes in areas that could indicate that the changes happened as a result of the intervention program. The new national initiative against bullying in Norway in 2000 that was implemented by the Olweus Group against Bullying and antisocial behavior was more enlightening concerning Olweus research design, and involved training instructors candidates that were supposed to lead in recurring staff discussion groups. The use of staff discussion groups in the Norwegian initiative was also instrumental in portraying the ideology and design of Olweus program that aimed tackling the bullying issues form all perspectives and stakeholders. That more information regarding bullying, how it could be contained and the necessary prevention mechanism implemented, makes the Olweus research design to be comprehensive, broad, more elabora te and involving the necessary parties. This repoort makes a conclusion that the effectiveness of Olweus bullying intervention program has its effectiveness from the design of the study that involved a broad integration of cohort studies and other relevant studies over the use to come up with certain hypothesis statements and findings that aided in formulation of a more effective approach. Though there are lower rates of validity threats, the study portrays how a system such as the schools could be integrated with an aim of solving a problem successfully.

Checkpoint kinases (CHK2) Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Checkpoint kinases (CHK2) - Lab Report Example According to the figure 3,the list indicates several transcripts from the same gene and different SNP effect.The reason to this is as shown in the figure 4 which has all the splice variants(27) of the CHK 2 gene.In the figure 4 ‘‘protein coding† implies that the transcript encodes a CHK 2 protein variant. The reason why we see GAA/GAG yet the SNP was T/C change is that it is a silent mutation whereby GAA and GAG code for glutamic acid.Also the reason why the new C(GAG) is more frequent in some populations is because there was a successful mutation. Basing on the analysis above, we can see that the SNP resulted to silent mutation. By definition, silent mutation is a type of a point mutation that leads to a codon which codes for different or same amino acid but without any functional change in that particular protein. Hence, it does not cause change in the sequence of amino acid, thus, the protein will remain functional. In this regard, they are taken to be evolutionarily neutral. In relation to this, the CHK2 SNP (T/C) is considered to be silent mutation because the sequence of the protein which is GAA/GAG remains unchanged. Therefore, its function remains the same. It can therefore influence splicing because the nucleotides sequence has been altered. While most of the RNA transcripts from protein encoding genes of the human genome are related to physiological splicing, pathological splicing has been found in cancer tissue (Berge et al, 2010). The Chk2 is known to be a multi-organ susceptible gene that provides a barrier to tumorigenesis to maintain a genomic stability, and this gene has found mutated in both hereditary and somatic cancer. Despite the fact that other genes’ alternative splice forms have been found to have a negative impact on the wild type molecules, the CHK2 splice protein variants function is still not clear(Berge et al, 2010).For instance, the mRNA splice variants for Chk2 gene

I'm Still Human Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

I'm Still Human - Essay Example Racism is a perfect example. Whites have always been marked as superior to the blacks in the United States and the blacks have been negatively stereotyped. Although many efforts have been taken since decades for uniting the human race and sorting out the differences between them, these problems still exist in our society where a particular group of people are sidelined and neglected (Biss 2008). This inferiority is not just assigned to a particular group on the basis of their physical appearance but also owing to their mental skills and capabilities. I can truly relate to this with my life as I have a son who suffers from autism and I have taken care of him for eight years after his condition was identified. My child was diagnosed with autism at the age of four years and though he is in possession of great skills and abilities, he is looked down upon owing to his disease which makes him different from other children. The article, â€Å"Autism: Why Some Children ‘Bloom’ and Overcome Their Disabilities† sheds light upon the positive outcomes that can be obtained in autistic children if early interventions are prescribed in these children. While going through this article, I assessed the importance of the need of optimism and positivity in the life of autistic children. It triggered thoughts in my mind regarding my son and how proper support and interventions can actually make his life better. Autistic children are not received with warmth and love in our society. They are sidelined and are not judged on the basis of their positive traits but are rather judged on the basis of their shortcomings. This makes their progress and development worse (Szalavitz 2012 a). Children suffering from autism are not treated well in our society and this can clearly be assessed by the report of a recent research. The results of the research revealed that young school going children who suffered from autism were bullied five

Does The Media Undermine Democracy In Malaysia Media Essay

Does The Media Undermine Democracy In Malaysia Media Essay Throughout the last decades, Malaysians have enjoyed regular elections and political stability. However, the stability slowly took a turn when the detention of former Deputy Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim and the subsequent sentence of 15 years for charges of corruption, abuse of power, and sexual misconduct made the public lose its faith in the integrity of the governments aims (Heufers, 2002) This the somehow added the growing number of detentions under the Internal Security Act (ISA) and other repressive laws severely threaten political competition, participation, and civil and political liberties. The media in Malaysia comprising of the mainstream that is mainly owned and controlled by the government and the alternative media, a form of independent journalism. Many government leaders in the developing world would justify their control over the media in terms of jealously guarding and guiding its members towards the path of national development and to ensure that the media does not fall into the wrong hands (Mustafa, 2005) In other words, the government wants to take control of media so they can set the agenda in the minds of society. This already restricts a sense of openness in the mainstream media. Mustafa (2005) stated in an analysis on the coverage of Malaysias 2004 general elections by four mainstream newspapers (The Star, the New Straits Times (NST), Berita Harian and Utusan Melayu), the total number of news items that were positive towards BN among all four major newspapers were roughly 40% and above. The other part of the percentage went straight to new items that were negative towards the opposition. Only a slight number of news (4% and below) were negative new items towards BN. Mustafa (2005) also highlighted sample of headlines used by these newspapers that gave an idea of slant news reporting; Malaysians prefer Pak Lahs vision of Islam (NST, March 15 2004), Perlis merana jika pilih pembangang (Perlis suffers if opposition is voted) (Utusan Melayu, March 16 2004 ) This shows a high level of bias coverage within the highly influential mainstream newspapers during the 2004 general elections. Another research presented by Ramanathan (2008) consists of a two month content analysis on how the mainstream media presents their reports on the 2008 general elections. Choosing newspapers in four languages (English, Bahasa Malaysia, Tamil and Mandrin) and the new media; internet, online newspapers and SMS as well as monitoring commentaries by selected television channels such as RTM, CNN and Channel News Asia on a selective basis. According to research, the type of coverage done by five of the mainstream newspapers was sided towards pro-BN stories. 277 stories analysed from Utusan Malaysia has 155 pro-BN stories, 56 pro- opposition and 66 neutral. The Star had a total of 153 stories analysed, 100 were pro-BN and only 22 were pro-opposition. Nanyang Siang Pau had 118 stories, 74 of them pro-BN and 26 pro-opposition. For Tamil newspapers, a qualitative analysis was undertaken that led to conclusions of since Tamil Nesan was being majority owned by Datin Indrani Samy Velu, the newspaper printed many stories featuring Dato Samy Velu and prominent MIC politicians and there were hardly any coverage given to Indian candidates form opposition political parties. The mainstream media weakens the openness of presenting political news to society. If democracy is all about the peoples right to oppose, to provide critiques with the role of media to influence the people, they are not giving much of a decision or choice to begin with. Of course there are minimal parts where the government values and would take into consideration the opinions of the people. For example, the topic of teaching Maths and Science in English (PPSMI), society is free to give out comments and opinions on what they think about the topic. People are writing in to newspapers, taking part in massive forums to state their opinion and to fight for what they stand for and the government values the opinion of the people in this case. Why cannot this be the same with political issues? After all, it is the political opinion and stands made by the public that would contribute to the democracy of the country. Some may say that the alternative works as a perfect place for independent journalism; however it is still closely monitored by the authorities. Blogs and online publications are beginning to worry the Malaysian authorities enough to re-consider the existing policy of non-regulation of the Internet and to call for some controls over the content (Ramanathan, 2008) A clear example was when Raja Petra Kamarudin, editor of alternative news Portal Malaysia Today was charged with publishing a seditious article on 25 May 2008 with the title, Lets send Altantuya murderers to hell. Raja was the first blogger to be charged under a sedition act where he claim trail but refused to post bail. Six months after detention under the ISA, Raja was released with no charges being filed against him. Accountability The tight gate-keeping and censorship practised by the government over the mainstream media influences the accountability of democracy. The government does not like reports that are too critical; therefore the responsibility to forming a democracy country is limited due to the restrain in reporting. During the general election in 2008, Ramanathan (2008) analyzed two-months prior to and after the elections, the mainstream media did coverages on upbeat stories about Barisan Nationals chances and dismissed the oppositions chances. Among them were: a two-page focus on Issues close to the heart featuring an in-depth interview with Abdullah, an article titled Guan Eng not a threat in Penang dismissed the chances of opposition leader Lim Guan Eng in capturing the state government in Penang and instead Lim won handsomely. With slanted reporting like this, the accountability of the government would be doubted by the public hence would give the public the opportunity to opt for something else which they did in the 2008 general election whereby BN suffered one of their worst lost because the public opted for an alternative media. This incident brought the alternative media to a different level when weblogs, text messages and copies of Internet-streamed videos became the most influential information sources for voters ahead that resulted in a surprise blow to the BN) party, which has ruled the country for more than 50 years. The media holds the representative responsible for taking care of the the people so what happens when these politicians lose in an election? How would they answer to accountability? The innocent death of Teo Beng Hock signifies a crisis of confidence in Malaysian democracy and accountability. Many critics, including those in the current government, argues that restrictions were put in place at a time when they were needed and that preventing public discussion of certain issues is not only counter-productive but it is also futile (Ramanathan, 2008) With the support towards the alternative media and the growing public sphere, the results from the 2008 election are bound to bring about greater freedom of expression. Though the responsibility of the democracy is in hand, there are some heartening post-election developments; The Home Affairs Ministry approved in April 2008 an application for a permit from the opposition Parti Keadilan Rakyat (PKR) to publish its party newspaper. With such actions, this would indeed encourage and strengthen the accountability of the peoples perception towards the countrys democracy. Conclusion The mainstream media needs to loosen its strings and start to bring greater media liberalisation to unclog the clouds of uncertainty and doubt in the minds of society. The alternative media is not enough. Society needs to hear the truth from the government. Only then can the country achieve great democracy.

Psychology Essays -- Wundt, Descartes, Watson

Psychology is the investigation of the mind and how it processes and directs our thoughts, actions and conceptions. However, in 1879 Wilhelm Wundt opened the first psychology laboratory at the University of Leipzig in Germany. Nevertheless, the origins of psychology go all the way back thousands of years starting with the early Greeks. This foundation is closely connected to biology and philosophy; and especially the subfields of physiology which is the study of the roles of living things and epistemology, which is the study of comprehension and how we understand what we have learned. The connection to physiology and epistemology is often viewed as psychology, which is the hybrid offspring of those two fields of investigation. It was not until the later part of the 19th century that psychology would emerge as a science. Rene Descartes, a famous French philosopher, contributed a major work to the development of psychology. Descartes presented his theory of dualism as a response to the body and mind conflict between scholars (Schultz & Schultz, 2008). According to Descartes, humans are made up of two dimensions: body and mind. Before the body mind concept, it was believed that humans thought with their souls (Wozniak, 1995). Descartes also believed that humans had tendencies of a mechanism but are different from animals because of the ability to think and reason. His perception of humans led to the theory of dualism. The dualism theory contended that the humans mind is a separate function form the body. However, the mind and soul work in unison in the brain, through the pineal gland to create human behavior. The mind was considered to develop and use innate ideas and derived ideas. Essentially, Descartes ca me to the conclusion tha... ...nd getting the information when necessary. A significant thought is information processing, which takes place in a sequence of steps. The information processing theorist’s method of learning is primarily by way of the study of memory. Presently, because of the hybrid heritage, psychology is not thought over as one of the social sciences such as sociology, economic science, government science, and cultural anthropology. Psychology is viewed as an ally to the natural sciences such as biology, chemistry, laws of nature, and mathematics (Thornton, 2009). Psychology is also seen as humanities, which are philosophy, human speeches, music and art. Most psychologists join forces on research and other conceptions with intellectuals and scientists in distinctive fields. This adds to the diversity of interests, which can be seen in the modern psychology department. Psychology Essays -- Wundt, Descartes, Watson Psychology is the investigation of the mind and how it processes and directs our thoughts, actions and conceptions. However, in 1879 Wilhelm Wundt opened the first psychology laboratory at the University of Leipzig in Germany. Nevertheless, the origins of psychology go all the way back thousands of years starting with the early Greeks. This foundation is closely connected to biology and philosophy; and especially the subfields of physiology which is the study of the roles of living things and epistemology, which is the study of comprehension and how we understand what we have learned. The connection to physiology and epistemology is often viewed as psychology, which is the hybrid offspring of those two fields of investigation. It was not until the later part of the 19th century that psychology would emerge as a science. Rene Descartes, a famous French philosopher, contributed a major work to the development of psychology. Descartes presented his theory of dualism as a response to the body and mind conflict between scholars (Schultz & Schultz, 2008). According to Descartes, humans are made up of two dimensions: body and mind. Before the body mind concept, it was believed that humans thought with their souls (Wozniak, 1995). Descartes also believed that humans had tendencies of a mechanism but are different from animals because of the ability to think and reason. His perception of humans led to the theory of dualism. The dualism theory contended that the humans mind is a separate function form the body. However, the mind and soul work in unison in the brain, through the pineal gland to create human behavior. The mind was considered to develop and use innate ideas and derived ideas. Essentially, Descartes ca me to the conclusion tha... ...nd getting the information when necessary. A significant thought is information processing, which takes place in a sequence of steps. The information processing theorist’s method of learning is primarily by way of the study of memory. Presently, because of the hybrid heritage, psychology is not thought over as one of the social sciences such as sociology, economic science, government science, and cultural anthropology. Psychology is viewed as an ally to the natural sciences such as biology, chemistry, laws of nature, and mathematics (Thornton, 2009). Psychology is also seen as humanities, which are philosophy, human speeches, music and art. Most psychologists join forces on research and other conceptions with intellectuals and scientists in distinctive fields. This adds to the diversity of interests, which can be seen in the modern psychology department.

Beloved Essay

Sethe has a very complicated relationship with herself. Sethe is the character that is not able to forget the trauma of the times when she was a slave and fearing that her children might not fall into the same fate, prefers to even kill them. The central theme is that Sethe is in search of her own identity and Morrison also tries to show the cruelty and disturbing consequences of slavery that existed even after they were not slaves. The ex-slaves also feel inferior to the white people and when Denver walks out of her home to find a job and finally she finds her identity. Sethe is lacking this throughout and keeps herself isolated and only plays the role of a mother. ‘Those white things have taken all I had dreamed’, she said, ‘and broke my heartstrings too. There is no bad luck in the world but white folks. ’ (Beloved, Chapter 9, Page 89) Sethe kills her baby girl so that she is not physically, spiritually or emotionally oppressed by the masters or whites of that time. Sethe suffers the guilt of her this particular act and when the first time ghost of Beloved comes in her house she gets extremely terrified and wants it to go away at any cost. But the second time, Sethe allows Beloved’s ghost to destroy her house and digests her anger at even the cost of her relationships just because she thinks that this way she can calm down her daughter’s ghost. Beloved seems to be interested in Sethe and she listens to her and this satisfies Sethe too. Sethe has faced the dark and gloomy days of slavery and the whole life she tries to protect her children from getting into that life. Sethe’s unique interactions with Beloved, her incarnated daughter reveals a completely different picture. She struggles with herself and her emotions and most of the time she is lonely. She trusts very few people and has cut herself socially, especially from the black people. She identifies herself as a different person in different stages of her life. Sethe’s relationship with Beloved takes a different shape and helps her recover from the physical and mental trauma of slavery. The use of symbolism and allusions refer only to the confused and suffered state of mind of Sethe. Beloved has many grievances and thinks that her mother abandoned her whereas Sethe is unable to explain her daughter why it was better to die that to live in such traumatic situations. At these stages Sethe seems to be helpless and becomes more and more self-centered. She feels sometimes that she had no right to kill her daughter but the love and respect she had for her children forced her to do so. Her dreams for her children and their future were definitely not to live like slaves and she did what the moment forced her mind to do. Her motherly emotions are different from a general mother and she is seen very much possessive about her children too. She says, â€Å"[A]nybody white could take your whole self for anything that came to mind. Not just work, kill or maim you, but dirty you. Dirty you so bad you couldn’t like yourself anymore. And though she and others lived through and got over it, she could never let it happen to her own. The best things she was, was her children. Whites might dirty her al, right, but not her best thing, her beautiful, magical best thing – the part of her that was clean. † (Beloved, Chapter 26, Page 251) The novel in fact is Sethe’s memories in a shattered way and one has to collect them and understand and this makes the identification of relationships of Sethe with her two daughter all the more difficult.

Image and Reality essays

Image and Reality essays Image and Reality In the years since the thousand days many questions have been raised and are still being studied about John F. Kennedy. A Life of John F. Kennedy: A Question of Character is a book written by Thomas C. Reeves, in which Reeves discusses these issues. JFK was a great man, and yet there are still some things that one must take into consideration. His morality was always somewhat of an uncertainty; be that as it may, these questions are still not openly discussed. People were always taken aback by his personality, good looks, and youth. After his death, it was quite difficult for most people to accept some of the newly discovered negative information about him. The man meant so much to some people that it was impossible to say something less than perfect. But all the same, facts can not be denied. While one may think that each is responsible for his or her actions, that is not always the case. Much of Jacks character develops and originates from his family. He applied these beliefs to his life as well as his presidency. His great grandfather Joseph Kennedys indifference toward people, and the will to do anything to get what he wants, helped to shape much of the character in the entire Kennedy line. Inferior treatment of women also originated from this source. The lacking of a sufficient background as well as a good role model helped shape much of Kennedys negative characteristics. This was reflected in most of his decisions, as a result. So therefore, diversity between Kennedys presidential appearance, and his private life of scandals, was unmistakable. His indifference to the values of proper judgement, unselfishness, and sincerity to his wife and work was also reflected in his ability to make thought out decisions. Though interesting enough, his greatest talent was the ability to manipulate himself well enough that it appeared as though he contained the quali...

Significant Events of the Delaware Colony

Significant Events of the Delaware Colony The Delaware colony was founded in 1638 by European colonists from the Netherlands and Sweden. Its history includes occupations by the Dutch, Swedish, British- and the colony of Pennsylvania, which included Delaware until 1703. Fast Facts: Delaware Colony Also Known As: New Netherland, New SwedenNamed After: Then-governor of Virginia, Lord de la WarrFounding Country: Netherlands, SwedenFounding Year: 1638First Known European Landing: Samuel ArgallResidential Native Communities: Lenni Lenape and NanticokeFounders: Peter Minuit and the New Sweden CompanyImportant People: James, Duke of York, William Penn Early Arrivals The first European arrivals in the area occurred in the early 17th century when the Dutch were involved in establishing many trading posts and colonies around the world including in North America. Henry Hudson had been hired by the Dutch to explore the New World in 1609 and he discovered and named the Hudson River. By 1611, the Dutch had established fur trading enterprises with the Native Americans called the Lenni Lenape. In 1614, Fort Nassau, on what is the Hudson River near Gloucester, New Jersey, was the earliest Dutch settlement in the New World. Peter Minuit and the New Sweden Company In 1637, Swedish explorers and stockholders created the New Sweden Company to explore and trade in the New World, under a charter with Swedish king Gustavus Adolphus. Adolphus died in 1632, and his daughter and successor Queen Christina took over the charters administration. Christinas chancellor formed the New Sweden Company in 1637 and hired Peter Minuit. Minuit was a German-born Dutch resident likely of French Huguenot ancestry, who had previously been the governor of New Netherland from 1626 to 1631 and is most well known for the purchase of Manhattan Island. In March of 1638, Minuit and his two ships, Key of Kalmar and the Griffin, landed at the mouth of a river they named Christina, in what is now Wilmington and founded the first permanent colony in Delaware. Annexed to New Netherland While the Dutch and Swedes coexisted for some time, the incursion of the Dutch into New Sweden territory saw its leader, Johan Rising, move against some Dutch settlements. In 1655, Peter Stuyvesant, New Netherlands governor, sent armed ships to New Sweden. The colony surrendered without a fight.  Thus, the area that was once New Sweden then became part of New Netherland.   British Ownership The British and Dutch were direct competitors during the 17th century. England felt they had a claim to the prosperous New Netherland territory due to the explorations by John Cabot made in 1498. In 1660, with the restoration of Charles II to the throne of England, the Dutch feared the British would attack their territory and forged an alliance with the French against the British. In response, Charles II  gave his brother, James, the Duke of York, New Netherland in March 1664. This annexation of New Netherland required a show of force. James sent a fleet of ships to New Netherland to demand its surrender. Peter Stuyvesant agreed. While the northern part of the New Netherland was named New York, the lower part was leased to William Penn as the lower counties on the Delaware. Penn wanted access to the sea from Pennsylvania. Thus, the territory was part of Pennsylvania until 1703. In addition, Delaware continued to share a governor with Pennsylvania until the Revolutionary War, even though it had its own representative assembly.   Beginning the War of Independence In October 1765, Delaware sent two delegates to a congress of the colonies in New York to deliberate on a joint colonial response to recent British measures, in particular, the Sugar Act of 1764 and the Stamp Act of 1765. The two men were landholder Caesar Rodney and attorney Thomas McKean: the two men and assemblyman George Read would continue to play a role in the movement for independence.   Delaware declared its independence from Great Britain on June 15, 1776, and signed the declaration of independence with its fellow colonies on July 4. Sources Delaware Facts. Delaware Historical SocietyMunroe, John A. History of Delaware, 5th ed. Cranbury NJ: University of Delaware Press, 2006.Wiener, Roberta and James R. Arnold. Delaware: The History of Delaware Colony, 1638–1776. Chicago, Raintree, 2005.

USABILITY EVALUATION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

USABILITY EVALUATION - Essay Example Navision then began to offer Navision Financials 1.0, an accounting and enterprise-resource planning solution application in 1990s. This application was then offered for Microsoft’s Windows 2000 Professional operating system, and Navision later in 2000 emerged with rival Damgaard. In 2002, Microsoft acquired Navision or $1.45 billion after acquisition of Great Plains of Software in 2000. While still using the same name, Microsoft continued to be innovative and eventually came up with a new department called Microsoft Business Solutions. The name Microsoft Dynamics then came to be in 2006 after Microsoft decided to rebrand Navision when it realized that it needed to have stronger brand for its several product brands that were equally under Microsoft Business Solutions. The Microsoft Dynamics ERP as an enterprise resource planning product is an initiative meant for the middle size organizations, subsidiaries and divisions of major organizations. Microsoft Dynamic ERP is composed of; The Dynamic CRM 2011 is remarked for being the Microsoft’s recent Customer Relationship Management application software which is geared towards the small to medium sized business markets (Dennison, 2011). With the increasing technological innovations and inventions, the hardware platforms upon which Microsoft Dynamics can be run have evolved from the initial stand along computers to laptops, palmtops and current into simple electronic devices such and the iphones. For the purpose of this usability evaluation on the effectiveness of Microsoft Dynamics, four participants were used. Two out of the four people used as the sample population were business operators while the other two were clients. All these individuals shared characteristics of using the Microsoft Dynamics in their operations of selling, buying, and window shopping for items that are available in the markets. The arrows indicate the direction of flow of tasks and

Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Movie Review Example For that reason, people need to come up with solutions for this crisis. In this essay, I shall try to review the solutions given in the documentary. First, we shall tackle water wastage. It is a miracle that people can take up to one hour in the shower. This is a clear wastage of water. People need to take shorter showers or better yet resort to baths, which would require the use of less water. The film also talks about the pollution of fresh water sources that prevent the use of water. An example of such pollution involves the use of the herbicide Atrazine. This herbicide is still used in the United States of America, despite being banned in countries such as Switzerland. The herbicide is so toxic that it decreases fertility in human males by reducing their sperm count and also causes prostrate and breast cancer. Therefore to solve this problem, the state needs to ban the use of all toxic chemicals that pollute our fresh water reservoirs. The next documentary that I shall review is called â€Å"The Intersection Between Justice and Sustainability: Voices and Views from South Phoenix†. This documentary mainly involves interviews carried out on the residents of South Phoenix. In this essay, I shall reflect on the actions taken by community leaders profiled in the film to address the 10 sustainability principles. In every city, social inequality, marginalization, and containment are some of common injustices experienced. One of these community leaders is Steve Brittle the founder of Don’t Waste Arizona. This is a non-profit environmental organization that was formed to protect, conserve, and preserve human and natural environment. One of the main problems that Phoenix faces comes from Innovative Waste Utilization. This company is located in a neighborhood mainly comprising of African American and Latino families and poses great hazard to these families. Furthermore, this waste facility planned to

CONFLICT IN SOMALIA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

CONFLICT IN SOMALIA - Essay Example ant disagreement based on political and religious agendas, Somali has been unable to shake itself out of the crisis, which was exacerbated by the declaration of Somalia as a failed State in 1991 by its failing and shaking Transitional government headed by moderate Islamist Sheikh Sharif Sheikh Ahmad (Chopra, 1998). Somali conflict has also been affected by the actions of regional and international powers that have worsen it instead of resolving the issue on most occasions. But how long will this conflict continue? Who are the core conflict parties? Bariagaber (2006, pp. 66) pointed out that Somalia had been divided along ethnic lines, which had segmented the country into several clans or tribal divisions. Couldn’t the issue of embracing different ideologies by different clans be enough to keep Somali people apart and make peaceful co-existence impossible? Each of the clans has its form of Islamic religion being practiced by its people: from the moderate Islam to the fanatical and more dangerous ones; even some of the Muslim groups in Somalia have been put on United States’ terrorist list because of their connection with Osama Bin Laden’s Al Qeada Organization. Considering the enormity of the conflict in Somalia, it is apt to investigate what are the internal-subgroups and what constituencies do they depend on. Apart from internal segregation due to tribal affiliations, it has been discovered that some internal-subgroups do exist; which are directly linked with religious ideologies. The main radical sub-group is called Al-Shabab, an extremist group that was carved out by the remaining supporters of Union of Islamic Courts. The constituencies that Al-Shabab controls include the South and Central Somalia, which it rules with iron-hand imposing Sharia on the Somali people in these places. There is another notorious sub-group named Hisbul-Islam that was created shortly after the moderate Islamist government was formed: an action some former members of Union of

Italy between 1918 and 1929 Essay Example for Free

Italy between 1918 and 1929 Essay Fascism was born with an ambiguous face, surging from socialist ideas developed in a strong nationalistic way, embracing monarchy and free-trade; it also had expansionist policies. Mussolini himself was in fact socialist, but as his party was not getting as many votes as he expected he shifted to fascism, but reluctantly breaking his links with socialism. The rise and the consolidation of power was done in a superficially legal manner, but a party led by a dictator needs a harsh rule to stay in power and be to some extent ruthless to bring order something Europe needed, specially after the mess created by World War One. By 1900 the process of unification in Italy, the Risorgimento, had largely been completed territorially, but not in any other respect. The vast majority of the population still felt no real attachment to Italy at all, as a result of Italys continuing weakness as a cultural, industrial, military, and colonial power compared to older European states. This resulted in a deepening national inferiority complex and led to various projects for the renewal of nationalism, both from the extreme left and the extreme right. Italy was promised land in the war and joined at the side of the Allies, but in the end it did not gained what it was promised and this was known as the mutilated victory. The political sphere indicated the government in power was vulnerable, the Italians blamed the government for it did not take a stronger stand. Economically, Italy was in a great (fake, as it was believed it was about to collapse) boom. The North seemed to be booming more than the south. The fear of a communist revolution seemed to have given Mussolini an increasing amount of supporters such as the wealthy (who were afraid of the end of private property), the agrari fascists, richer peasants, estate managers and urban professionals joined the communists in a struggle against the revolution. Fascism survived the 1919 crisis due to the Wealthy Milanese help and the unsuccessful anti-fascist general strike in 1922 launched by the socialists. Still, the PNF (Partio Nazionale Fascista) was not able to win power legally so it was decided to promote the March on Rome, ill armed (they could have easily smashed). The King feared the fascist bonds with the army would drive the country into a civil war and gave Mussolini  the Prime Minister post. After 1922 Mussolinis role was to consolidate his power. In the beginning, however, he decided to slowly ensure his power rather than start a complete political revolution, so not to lose the power he now had. To make fascism stronger a combination of elements was necessary: The ras (headed extensive fascist organizations), the fascist left'(ex-syndicalists seeking popular enthusiasm through a national syndicalistic state), the fascist technocrats (who saw fascism as an elitist, modernizing force, nationalists (pushed fascism to a more pro-capitalist and imperialist way) and the conservatives (wanted the party to gain power as well and defended the social-political status-quo). These pressured Mussolini for a complete fascist takeover. It meant Mussolini had to tighten control over the ras and other rebellious supporters. To do so he created the Fascist Grand Council, what strengthened even more the partys position. In the 1923, in an electoral reform, the Acerbo Law was designed. This would give the leading party at the general election two-thirds of the parliamentary seats. At the April 1924 elections fascism led the way. The Acerbo Law proved to be useless as the fascist party legally got the two-thirds seats. It is believed, however that many of the votes were gotten with the use of violence and bribery from the fascist side. This same year a scandal about the Matteotti murder involving fascist came to public notice. It consisted the murder of a socialist murdered by fascists, increasing the anti-fascist movements and making Mussolini more vulnerable. Many boycotted the parliament Aventine Cexxession (what in the end was, in the end, positive for Mussolini) The ras (at this point made consuls), threatened to take Mussolinis position if a move towards dictatorship was not made and it was in 1925 that Mussolini made clear to the parliament (or what remained of it)his intentions as a dictator (the Fundamental Law was created). Even after the Matteotti crisis the King did not ask Mussolini to resign (willingness of conservatives to abandon the fascist movement fearing a left-wing revival). With his own words, Mussolini affirmed in 1925 that to go against him was to  go against the State, aiming at a totalitarian state. In 1927 a circular status that provisional prefects must obey, even by fascist was created and In 1928 the new Electoral Law was applied while the boycotting of the parliament was taking place. It meant that if one wished to become a member of the parliament, this person should first be accepted by the fascists. By 1929 Mussolini had an accumulation of offices 8 ministries. This is known as the Cult of the Duce (cult of leadership) and was given a major importance in the indoctrination process, in giving Italy a national identity. The educational system had a vital change text books became a state monopoly by 1936. two years later racism was thought in classrooms and one year later a fascist School Charter was created. Youth groups were created outside the school sector it was necessary to keep the young ones as far from the older generation as possible.  The older generation had more experience and could represent a threat to the regime. Culture was also controlled by the government. In 1925 a film institute was set up. In 1934 an office to Cinematography was established. The control of the press symbolized the major oppression freedom of expression was taken away from the Italians by 1926, when the Exceptional Decrees suppressed many papers. Two years later compulsory registration of all journalists with the Fascist Journalist Association became obligatory. Linked to the indoctrination process it is possible to see the coercion, the use of force. In 1926 the OVRA was set up and a Special Tribunal for the Defense of the State. The OVRA was the secret police, responsible to eliminate party traitors and enemies. Furthermore, Mussolinis image was essential for the party to maintain control and popularity over Italy. In 1929 the Lateran Pact would establish relations between the Catholic Church and the Italian State, securing wider acceptance of Mussolinis ruling. By this date the fascist dictatorship was reinforced by supporting a repressive legislation and this treaty would be significant to increase Mussolinis popularity and the support for his  regime thus securing his power. Mussolini promised to bring peace to Italy if possible by love, but if necessary by force as he said in a speech in parliament, which made clear the methods he used for consolidation. To conclude, Mussolini was undoubtedly a great speaker, and the Italians believed he would de the one to bring respect and importance to Italy in a world wide manner. Nevertheless, up to 1926 Mussolini was seeking power through aggressive ways to consolidate his power as quickly as possible, as his fellow communists pressured him to do. From this date onwards, he felt more secure and based himself on persuasive methods to stay in power. Squadristi violence was the most common among the fascists, but censorship can also be considered as an aggression towards the Italian people. Other parties were outlawed, alarming people of the danger to stand up against the party.

Huanting Of Hill House Essay example -- essays research papers

THE HAUNTING ON HILL HOUSE Eleanor Vance has always been a loner shy, defenseless, and angrily resentful of the 11 years she lost while nursing her dying mother. She had spent so long alone, with no one to love, never had a real home and without any happiness in her life. Eleanor has always sensed that one day something big would happen, and one day it does. She receives an unusual invitation from Dr. John Montague, a man fascinated by "supernatural manifestations." He had been looking for a haunted house all his life. Then He heard about Hill House and he knows that he couldn’t let it go. His intentions with Hill House, was to go there, live there for a while and take notes of everything that occurs within the house, kind of like ghost hunting. So he rents Hill House for three months, organizes a ghost watch, inviting three people who have been touched by unearthly events. A psychic event from Eleanor's childhood makes her qualify to be a part of Montague's unusual study, along with stub born Theodora who was the not thing like Eleanor, and Luke who is the nephew of the owner of Hill House. The reason for him being there is because the family lawyer told Dr. Montague that he couldn’t rent the house without the confining presence of a member of the family during his stay. They all meet at Hill House an estate in New England. This is where i...

The Educational Connoisseurship Model of Elliot W Eisner

The American educator and philosopher of education Elliot W. Eisner is an ideal theorist to examine when determining the best ways, means, and measures to set standards for an elementary math school curriculum. Eisner was unapologetic in his demand for what he called the exercise of standards-based artistry and the development of connoisseurship in education, and for what some of his critics have called elitism in approaching the educational process. However, Eisner†s called for standards, although Eisner is particularly known for his work in arts education, makes his hands-on theories of education both useful and inspiring to elementary school math teachers. Eisner†s examination of process and the artistry of education in The Enlightened Eye proved that he was attempting extension of his thinking to qualitative research into education and to the sciences as well as humanities. To conceive of students as artists who do their art in science, in the arts, or the humanities, is, after all, both a daunting and a profound aspiration,† he wrote later on, but education is not an assembly line, rather â€Å"the field of education has much to learn from the arts about the practice of education. It is time to embrace a new model for improving our schools,† where the school functions as a laboratory of innovation and experimentation. For Eisner, â€Å"knowledge is an intensely variable and personal â€Å"event†, something acquired via a combination of one's senses – visual, auditory, tactile, olfactory, gustatory – assembled according to a personal schema, and then made public – expressed, typically, by the same sensory modalities utilized in the initial acquisition. â€Å"(Lloyd-Zannini, 1998, cited by Smith, 2005) Again, this is an inspiration in particular for an elementary math school class for it stresses that learning must be experiential, exciting, yet still convey something beyond pure fun or feeling. Cooking to teach fractions followed by a test asking students to shrink or expand the recipe, to show that knowledge had been conveyed would be keeping with this approach. For Eisner, our ability to know is based in our ability to construct valuable and real-life meaning from experiences in a coherent fashion. Despite his advancement of the importance of connoisseurship and criticism, Eisner began his own education as a teacher in an egalitarian setting. While in college Elliot Eisner worked with African American boys in the American Boys Commonwealth in the neighborhood where he grew up. He said later that this confirmed his view that there must be a solid aesthetic behind art education and a better exploration of art†s historical context. Approaches which simply gave children arts materials in the hope that their creativity might flow resulted in programs â€Å"with little or no structure, limited artistic content and few meaningful aims† and were ultimately patronizing in their approach to students ability to gain useful knowledge that would gain them advancement in life. (Smith, 2005) From his bureaucratic experiences, Eisner also began to frown upon the stress on teacher†s â€Å"team meetings,† which he said discouraged effective praxis and only encouraged talk amongst educators. He said such communal sharing of knowledge is useless if the theories that are generated cannot be used to help students. For example, hearing about a colleagues† problems teaching decimals may be instructive, and help all teacher draw on a range of techniques, but a good educator is one who can combine the different techniques and improvise regarding the particular situation and set of student†s needs. Eisner believed that teachers needed to work together, but they also needed to accept criticism from principles and administrators in the classroom, in terms of the results generated by their efforts-just like students should not be so protected from criticism in assessments of their qualitative and quantitative work, either! Eisner stressed that educators must strive discover the truth in real-life situations, experiences and phenomenon. As Eisner himself stated, ‘effective criticism functions as the midwife to perception. It helps it come into being, then later refines it and helps it to become more acute. † (1998, p. 6) Connoisseurship of appreciation of a work of art or a skill, and of our own ability to master a skill may allow us to appreciate a theory, but criticism is also necessary to bring education to the next level. In other words, in the arts, one must make, and learn about previous art, but also accept evaluations of one†s knowledge. In math, students must learn, but also show they can perform and utilize the skills they are taught beyond mere regurgitation. Likewise, teacher education itself must not be purely theoretically based. Good teachers know, says Eisner, that â€Å"even to talk about effectiveness as though it were independent of the kind of intellectual values that schools ought to support, seems ill conceived. Thoughtful educators are not simply interested in achieving known effects; they are interested as much in surprise, in discovery, in the imaginative side of life and its development as in hitting predefined targets achieved through routine procedures. In some sense our aim ought to be to convert the school from an academic institution into an intellectual one. That shift in the culture of schooling would represent a profound shift in emphasis and in direction. † In other words, the elementary school curriculum should invest the same trust in students, and make the same demands of them as higher levels of education, rather than stress rote learning. However, combined with this disdain for rote, Eisner is equally vehement that this experiential learning must always have the fundamentals at its focus. Strain the limits of schooling, test students beyond standardized multiple-choice exams, but do not use these techniques as an excuse for instilling real knowledge in young minds. Idealistic, and perhaps impractical-but an inspiring goal for any teacher, regardless of grade area or subject matter, to reach for.

Like Water for Chocolate: A Summary Essay

Revolutions throughout time have established change of traditions as the normal occurrence throughout our history. Revolutions in households ca also occur when traditions that are contrary to one’s desire interfere with the values of another. In the novel Like Water for Chocolate, a revolution develops between mother and daughter, Mama Elena and Tita. It is the family traditions, Mama Elena’s lack of understanding of Tita and Tita’s will to break free that sparks the revolution between them. Family traditions play an important role in the cause of Tita’s rebellion against her mother. Tradition states that the youngest daughter (in this case Tita) must not marry, but must take care of their mother until she dies. Tita struggles against her mother’s tradition to â€Å"serve† her until the day she dies, without having a life of her own. Tita did as her mother told even when it made her unhappy. Tita felt smothered by her overbearing mother. Se wanted something more out of life then just taking care of her mother, which is whys he was constantly defying family traditions. An example would be when Tita’s sister Rosaura was unable to feed her son Roberto. Tita however was able to feed him despite not being his mother, defying standards being a mother should feed her own son. Tita was constantly trying to be her own person to make something out of herself that had nothing to do with her mother. When Tita left after Roberto’s death, she wanted nothing to do with her mother, but despite her efforts when she found out that her mother had become paralyzed she soon returned home to help her and take care of her. Tita desperately fights for her freedom and love, while Mama Elena stands as a prime opposition that prevents her from living her dream.

That school uniforms are necessary essays

That school uniforms are necessary essays The Macquarie dictionary defines the concept of uniform as; dress of the same style, materials and colour worn by a group. One particular type of group that uniforms are necessary for are students. Uniforms are a good idea for schools because they make life easier for school children. Uniforms are essential for school students because they allow students to all look the same and not have to keep up with the fashion while at school. If uniforms were non-existant, students may be victimised by others because of the clothes they choose to wear. Focus may be placed on the clothes people wear instead of on schoolwork, which is what school is all about. This is damaging to students' studies because school's purpose is to educate, not to be a fashion parade. The students get used to wearing the school uniform and just don't really think about it and just get stuck into their schoolwork. Having a uniform makes everything easier because nobody can really complain as they all have to wear it. Everyone wearing the same uniform allows students to be easily identified. If everyone was wearing different clothes, nobody would know where a student was from. For example, when on an excursion, if someone gets lost, they can be easily recognised and can find their group by their distinctive uniform. This helps the teachers and the school to control and look after the students. Also, all students wearing a neat and well-presented uniform reflects well on the school and presents a good image. Wearing a school uniform can save money and time. Each morning, students do not need to decide what to wear, they simply get dressed in their uniform. This makes getting ready for school hassle-free for students. Time wasted on deciding what to wear could be better spent on doing schoolwork. Parents may be annoyed that uniforms are expensive, especially in private schools where prices can be quite high. They may think ...

Infuse vs. Suffuse

Infuse vs. Suffuse Infuse vs. Suffuse Infuse vs. Suffuse By Mark Nichol What’s the difference between infuse and suffuse? To infuse something is to literally or figuratively fill it; the senses include â€Å"animate,† â€Å"inject,† â€Å"inspire,† â€Å"introduce,† â€Å"permeate,† and â€Å"steep.† One that or who infuses is an infuser, the act of infusing is called infusion. Suffusion is a closely related concept, but suffuse means, in addition to â€Å"fill,† to â€Å"spread over or through,† as if with light or liquid; synonyms include flush. These terms and their several cousins all have in common a root based on the Latin term fundere, meaning â€Å"pour,† and are related to the verb found in the sense of melting and pouring into a mold, as is done at a foundry. (The other senses of found, the past-tense form of find and the word meaning â€Å"establish,† have separate origins.) Etymologically related words include fuse in the sense of â€Å"blend or join† and its noun form fusion. (The noun fuse, referring to an electrical device or a cable or cord used in lighting an explosive- in the latter sense, also spelled fuze- is unrelated.) Then there’s confuse, meaning â€Å"make difficult to understand,† â€Å"cause someone difficulty in understanding,† or â€Å"mistake someone or something for another†; the synonym confound, which can also mean â€Å"prove wrong† as well as â€Å"increase confusion,† has the same origin. Diffuse means â€Å"spread out†; the adjectival form means â€Å"not concentrated.† The quality of being diffuse is diffuseness, and the noun form for the act of spreading out is diffusion. (Diffuse is not to be confused with defuse; that word is an antonym of the unrelated sense of fuse.) Effuse is a synonym for diffuse in the sense of being spread out amorphously; the verb form, used more often than the adjectival form, means â€Å"pour out† or â€Å"display much or excessive enthusiasm.† (The adjectival form for the latter sense is effusive.) Perfuse is a rare synonym for diffuse or suffuse with the additional sense of forcing the flow of a liquid through something (it has no adjectival form), and transfuse, meaning â€Å"permeate† or â€Å"transmit,† also has a sense of â€Å"transfer†; the common noun form associated with this meaning is transfusion. (Something that can be transfused is transfusible; that word is sometimes spelled with an a instead of an i.) The noun and verb forms of refuse are unrelated; its Latin progenitor, refusare, probably originated as a mash-up of refutare and recusare, the Latin words from which refute and recuse are derived. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Rhetorical Devices for Rational Writing40 Synonyms for â€Å"Different†Using Writing Bursts to Generate Ideas and Enthusiasm

Diceratops - Facts and Figures

Diceratops - Facts and Figures Name: Diceratops (Greek for two-horned face); pronounced die-SEH-rah-tops; also known as Nedoceratops Habitat: Woodlands of North America Historical Period: Late Cretaceous (70 million years ago) Size and Weight: About 15 feet long and 2-3 tons Diet: Plants Distinguishing Characteristics: Two horns; odd holes on sides of skull About Diceratops (Nedoceratops) You can learn a lot about Greek numbers by studying ceratopsian (horned face) dinosaurs and their distant and not-so-distant relatives. Theres no such animal (yet) as Monoceratops, but Diceratops, Triceratops, Tetraceratops and Pentaceratops make for a nice progression (alluding to two, three, four and five horns, as indicated by the Greek roots di, tri, tetra and penta). An important note, though: Tetraceratops wasnt a ceratopsian, or even a dinosaur, but a therapsid (mammal-like reptile) of the early Permian period. The dinosaur we call Diceratops also rests on shaky ground, but for another reason. This late Cretaceous ceratopsian was diagnosed at the turn of the 20th century by the famous paleontologist Othniel C. Marsh, on the basis on a single, two-horned skull lacking the characteristic nasal horn of Triceratopsand given the name Diceratops, by another scientist, a few years after Marshs death. Some paleontologists believe this skull actually belonged to a deformed Triceratops, and others say Diceratops should properly be assigned to the synonymous genus Nedoceratops (insufficient horned face.) If, in fact, Diceratops winds up reverting to Nedoceratops, then the possibility exists that Nedoceratops was directly ancestral to Triceratops (this last, most famous ceratopsian only awaiting the evolutionary development of a third prominent horn, which should only have taken a few million years). If thats not confusing enough, another option has been touted by the famously iconoclastic paleontologist Jack Horner: perhaps Diceratops, aka Nedoceratops, was actually a juvenile Triceratops, in the same way Torosaurus may have been an unusually elderly Triceratops with a grotesquely overwrought skull. The truth, as always, awaits further fossil discoveries.

Introduction to International Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2

Introduction to International Business - Essay Example Dells’ competitive environment, target market in other countries and communication strategy are also detailed in this paper. Dell Inc: Business and Market Overview Dell Inc designs, develops, manufacturers and markets computers, computer accessories and software products for both the customers of US and other countries. Dell Inc has long been marketing its computer products primarily based on a very strong marketing strategy of ‘going direct’ to its customers. In 2008, Dell was able to be placed as second in the worldwide PC market just behind Hewlett-Packard company. Dell has been gaining considerable growth in its market share during 2008 and 2009, with an increase of 1.2% growth which was the highest growth in the market (Gartner, 2009). The market share and related statistics of the major market players in 2010 show that Dell grew by 11.5 percent which is relatively less as compared to HP’s growth rate of 19.8 percent and Acer’s growth rate of 13 .5 % (Magee, 2010). ... In accomplishing this target, Dell will be meeting the customer expectations of highest quality, leading technology, competitive prices, accountability, flexible customization and financial stability (Farfan, 2011). Product Strategy Dell has been prospering on innovation and product differentiation as well. in 2003, Dell has been offering Latitude laptops, that were designed and developed to help business, government and institutional customers fulfill their computer-needs, and Inspiron laptops that were developed for users seeking the latest technology and high performance in more stylish and affordable packages (Ignatiuk, 2009, p. 20). Later, Dell added a number of different computer lines, they are Vostro, Precision, Alienware etc, to facilitate customers use different computers for their varying requirements. Distribution Strategy Dell is very known for ‘direct marketing’ as it has directly been selling its computer and accessories to the customers. Customers choose their items and order through either mail, or phone calls and the company send items to customers through its own delivery services or third party delivering facilities. As Bozarth (2005, p. 22) stressed, Dell’s direct-marketing strategy has been primarily based on a build-to-order manufacturing system. It means that Dell manufacturers computers only when they have actual customer orders and demands and this has been a reason why Dell succeeded within few years despite rigorous competition in computer marketing. Thomas (2002, p. 163) stated that Michael Dell has long been pursuing ‘going direct’ to customers approach, being aligned with virtual integration strategy. The company was using web-technology to blur

The Lab report to study the impact of Specific drug on Hamsters Research Proposal

The Lab report to study the impact of Specific drug on Hamsters - Research Proposal Example The study observes the hypothesis, where the specific drug has impact on the hamsters. To formulate the hypothesis, the study has done an extensive literature review on hamsters and their vulnerability towards drugs. And the study assumes that there are several instances where different drug levels altered the metabolic and activity levels of hamsters. But to prove the hypothesis, the study conducts a lab experiment, to collect first hand direct information by treating the hamsters with specific drug. In order to find out the impact of the drug on the activity level of hamster, the current research proposes to conduct a quantitative study. The approach to conduct the quantitative research is adopting a lab experiment on the hamsters. Quantitative research is used to investigate research questions by producing numerical output of data which are quantifiable to interpret the results. The research is a conformity rather than exploratory because earlier research evidence is available on the impact of drugs on the hamsters. Because the research scope does not allow the qualitative methodology to directly measure the impact of drug on hamsters leaving the possibility for Quantitative method. Lab experimental method is conducting the study in which the investigator has little bias in deriving the out put. The output is the result of direct outcome from the involvement of subjects and variables. By allowing the collection of primary data, the method reduces the subjectivity of the researc her by limiting the direct influence in the outcome. The primary data collection also provides metrics to derive the cause and impact mechanism through step wise reactions that can be observed during the experiment. Here the sample population of subjects is taken as Hamsters. And the independent variable is the specific drug. The Lab experiment gives the opportunity to collect the primary data and hence care is taken to collect the data by proper design and setup and errors can be avoided by repetitive measurements. The sample hamsters are taken from male species and are of the age of 1 year old to maintain homogeneity of the sample. In order to prove the study for originality and reliability the sample number of population is considered for 5 in number and the specific drug is taken which has proven and direct and quick reaction on animals to conduct the experiment. The instrumentation used to conduct the lab experiment are, Specific drug, food to mix the drug, a feeding bowl, timer to record the activity and sleep levels of hamsters and timesheets to note the timings of activity levels of hamsters. Experiment Procedure: The hamsters will be fed with the food mixed with specific drug at certain dosage levels and are observed for the time of activity levels after eating the food. The feeding time and the time for which the hamsters are awake will be noted down. Any symptoms of the abnormal behavior like vomiting or rashes or redness or dumbness will also be noted down during the time. Then the sleeping time and wakening times of hamsters will also be noted down. In order to have a clear comparison, such timings will be observed continuously for a week before without administering the drug. This is considered as pre testament observation or the specific drug and the hamsters will be